Taught by
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Taught by
Stephen ArmstrongOn September 11, 2001, terrorists hijacked 4 airliners, flying them into the World Trade Centers, the Pentagon, and a field in Pennsylvania, resulting in the deaths of 3,076 people
On April 20, 1999, 2 teenagers entered their high school in Littleton Colorado and systematically murdered 19 people before taking their own lives
On December 26, 2004, an earthquake in the Indian Ocean produced a tidal wave that destroyed coastlines from East Africa to Indonesia resulting in the deaths of more than 174,000 people
These three dramatic events – separated by time and great distances – would appear to have little in common
Each took their toll from different communities, under different circumstances
Each had different causes and consequences
But for all their differences, all three events shared at least one thing in common
All three events so shocked the conscience, so stunned the world by their horror and senselessness that all three prompted a common question:
How could a loving God permit such things to happen?
Of the 7 topics I’ve chosen for my series on the Sovereignty of God, I imagine that none will make so obvious and yet at the same time so controversial an opening statement as the one I will make tonight:
God is sovereign over every event that occurs in all His creation throughout all of time
On the one hand, my statement is obviously true – because I’m sure we agree that there can be no higher power in all creation than the very Creator Himself
That the God who has the power to speak the entire universe and all that fills it into existence merely by His Word, must by necessity have all power and authority over it
That there is no other power that could possibly intervene to contend with – much less match – the power of God
That whether by His active intervention or by His willful restraint, God purposes all things to occur exactly as they do
In fact, when we ask the question itself – How can God allow such things – we are indirectly acknowledging that God had the capability to prevent such things, which then causes us to ask why did He not?
Charles Spurgeon said it far better than I ever could when he wrote:
On the other hand, my statement, if we ponder it long enough, ultimately leads us to controversy
Because as soon as we begin to consider all that scripture has to say about God’s control over the events of history, we find ourselves wrestling with issues of evil, sin and man’s relationship to God
It’s as though we begin our search for the answer by drawing a line in the sand, and declaring that God’s sovereignty goes only this far and no more
Then we read scripture and come across verses or details which force us to erase our first line and redraw it a little closer to us and a little farther from God
While I have no hope whatsoever of addressing every aspect of this complex and literally mind boggling area of God’s sovereignty, I do believe there is so much more that could be said on this topic than is typically addressed in pulpits across the country
And along the way, brothers and sisters, I hope I can show you why this is not an issue reserved for discussions among academics
This is not a topic that only pastors and theologians should tackle
This is not some abstract, irrelevant, unprofitable debate
The issue of God’s authority and the extent of His control over the events of this world cuts to the core of our faith and its meaning
It is the foundation for our confidence in the prophecy found in the Old Testament
It is the basis for our hope in God’s promises given in the New Testament
The ability to exercise control over all space, time and matter is the very definition of what it means to be the true living God – the Creator – the one we desire to worship
So, make no mistake, this discussion truly matters
For if it were possible to cast doubt on the sovereignty of our God over all that He has created and all that He has declared by His word
Then we will have also cast doubt on His ability to carry it out and to fulfill His promises to us
And if there is doubt in God’s ability to carry out His promises according to His will, then as Paul said in his first letter to the Corinthians, we are of all men most to be pitied
So tonight my goal is to help you take a few steps toward understanding and appreciating the Sovereignty of God over world events, a lesson entitled Having a Common Purpose
And as always, the understanding we seek is not philosophical, not worldly, not one that appeals to our pride – but rather the Biblical view
But in order to get where we’re going, it’s important to know when we’re starting from
I believe you can group all opinion on the issue of God’s Sovereignty over his creation into essentially one of three groups (at least among those who believe in a higher power):
ONE = There are those who believe that God created the world and the universe, and then like someone spinning a top, He now stands back to watch it work itself to conclusion
And like the spinning top, God’s hand never again touches His creation or intervenes in its course
TWO = There is a second group who believe that God created the world and He continues to intervene in it to change the course of history from time to time
He intervenes in both natural and supernatural ways, and always for good purposes, ultimately to bring events to His desired outcome
Implicit in this second view is the principle that some things lie outside God’s control – outside His sovereignty
Evil, for example, is an independent force, one that operates apart from God’s desires and intentions and against His will
Many would also agree that man himself operates in freedom from the direct control of God – that God would not intervene to change the mind or will of man
THREE = Finally, our third group are those whose view of God’s Sovereignty sees no limit. All things were created by Him and are sustained by Him.
He doesn’t just intervene to redirect history from time to time, He writes every page of history
He directs all things, controls all things, governs all events on Earth so that everything may happen according to a preordained plan
One example of this view can be seen in the 1689 Confession of faith for the historic Reformed Baptist movement in London:
I believe it is fair to say that most unbelievers today likely fall into the first of these three groups (assuming they are not atheists)
They are content to acknowledge the existence of some higher power, but their pride and hard hearts will never allow them to concede that this higher power actually has influence over them, much less controls their lives and their future
Sadly, even a few Christians fall into this group
Most Christians, on the other hand, probably fall into Group 2
Aware of God’s ultimate control over the larger events of the world and history. They believe in His prophecy, but they often attribute it to foreknowledge – His knowing the future – rather than to His providence – determining the future
But their belief in His Sovereignty turns to uncertainty when deciding where to draw the line in His control over smaller matters of everyday life, or over our personal choices and or over the effects of sin and evil
Few Christians today, however, are willing to venture into Group 3
In fact, few have even heard it suggested that there is no event –
That not the smallest meaningless events of our everyday lives
That not our personal decisions whether impulsive or well‐considered
That not even Satan’s choices and actions –
Remain outside His direct and constant control
And yet, when we all consider a great tragedy and are tempted to ask How could a loving God allow such things, we have unknowingly placed ourselves – if even for just a moment – into Group 3
Even just by asking the question we are stating, for example, that we believe God could change the decisions and actions of two disturbed teenagers in Colorado
That He could have altered the paths and opportunities of 19 hijackers and thousands of other people on September 11th to prevent that destruction
That He could have held back the sea and calmed the earthquake that devastated hundreds of thousands
Well, could He? What does the Bible say about God’s control over His creation?
First, God is sovereign over the substance of the creation, over all weather, over all natural forces, over all the animal kingdom
The Bible abounds with examples, but to remind you of a few:
In almost every book of the Old Testament, God is credited at times with bringing huge harvests, bringing famine, bringing rain, bringing drought, bringing lightening and thunder, bringing life and death
In the Gospels, we hear the apostles exclaim as they watch Jesus calm the storm on the sea of Galilee that He even commands the wind and sea. Yes, He does.
In the book of Daniel, we can read of God holding back the jaws of a lion
In Numbers we see God speaking through the mouth of a donkey
In 1 Samuel Chapter 6, God directs two nursing cows yoked to a cart to go against their most urgent instincts and walk away from their newborn young so they may return the ark of the covenant to the Jewish nation
Our examples could literally go on all night, but the conclusion is already obvious:
There is no such thing as mother nature
There is nature and it has a father who will not share His control over it with anyone
Now you might be thinking that the fact that God can control all things doesn’t mean He chooses to take that control
For example, was God responsible for the tsunami of last winter?
Did that tragedy happen because God made it happen, or did it happen by natural forces and God merely permitted it to happen?
This is a false dichotomy – a distinction without a difference
Since we know from scripture that God can make waves respond to his word (remember the flood of Noah?)
We also know he could stop these events if He wished
He could have stopped that wave with one word from His mouth – just as He created all waters with His Word in the first place
Therefore, whether He ordained that event by His initiating it or He ordained it by refraining from stopping them, in either case He ordained it – He wanted it to happen
It’s like the little boy who stands in a park with a baseball, and tosses it straight up above his head, and as it falls he ponders whether to catch it or let hit the ground
Whether he chooses to take action and reach out to catch the ball or he chooses to withhold action and allow the ball to hit the ground, either way it was the boy’s choice and his desire that determined the ball’s fate – so it is with God
The inescapable conclusion we come to is that all natural events happen because He desires them to happen
And this stands true even in the greatest of calamities, because God tells us He deserves the credit
Both Isaiah and Amos state the obvious – if we are prepared to give God credit for the good things that happen in His creation, than we must also be prepared to recognize that calamity occurs on His watch as well
I believe part of our difficulty in accepting that God ordains such things to happen stems from our concerns over the loss of innocent life. We find it hard to accept that God would allow or even instigate the taking of innocent life
Here again, I believe the problem can be found not with God or His nature, but in our perspective
Imagine with me a story of a woman living in a desert town. She leaves the gates of her city one day to walk a few miles to draw water from a nearby creek. As she turns to head back to her home and to her relatives, she is shocked to watch huge fireballs descend from the sky instantly engulfing her town, utterly destroying it and all its inhabitants in flames
With her city destroyed, her family killed, even her children, the woman falls to her knees crying to God in the way so many have done over the centuries. How could God have allowed such calamity to come upon her and her city…her beloved city of Sodom – a city God Himself chose to destroy
You see the problem is the world has a false understanding of how God defines innocence and guilt – of what makes a death justified and what makes a death unfair
Rom 6:23 ‐ For the wages of sin is death – the payment due to all who sin is death –
And the definition of sin does not depend on a conscious knowledge that we have sinned…even the Law has a provision for sacrifices to cover unknown unintentional sin
No, we inherit our sin nature from Adam
When Adam sinned, his very spiritual nature changed
Though Adam was created without sin, once he sinned he became a different creature, a fallen creature with a nature opposed to God
And since God had decreed during creation that both man and animal would reproduce after their own kind, Adam’s new fallen nature would by necessity be passed on to all who descended from him
So every person ever born has been born with Adam’s dead nature, a corrupt nature, a sinful nature – a nature opposed to God
No less a man than King David recognized this fact about himself when he wrote…
Part of our inability to understand how God could be responsible for, or even just allow, events that cause death is that we fail to grasp the true depravity of the human heart – the degree to which the world justly deserves God’s wrath
As unbelievers, there is never a moment in the life of any human being prior to faith when we stand sinless and without blame before God
We were all conceived with a fallen nature – a nature that is opposed to Him and can never please Him apart from faith – and we all deserve judgment for it
In fact, there has only ever been one innocent life who ever walked this earth, a man not born of man’s seed and therefore who did not inherit Adam’s sinful nature
But a man born of the Holy Spirit through a virgin…and even that one innocent life God saw fit to put to death – to suffer great violence for the sake of the greater good
God has numbered our days, and it is in His control when, where and how each life comes to an end – as is the potter’s right over His clay
But where then does Evil and the demonic realm fit into all this?
Some Christians and non‐Christians alike are prone to elevating Satan to the point where we almost see him and God as opposite but equal
But the demonic forces are merely created beings, so they too fall under God’s authority
John wrote in his first letter that He who is in you is greater than he who is in the world – meaning God is greater than the Enemy
And we know that Jesus Himself commanded demons to leave the bodies of men and women, and they obey
In Mark Chapter 5 we read…
Remember Job…Job lost his family, his business, and his health because God permitted Satan to do it – Satan essentially was God’s agent in that action
Satan was never outside God’s control, He required God’s permission for His every act, God even set the limits of how far he could go
But when we talk about God having sovereignty over the demons, we’re not simply talking about God holding back evil from time to time, restraining evil…
God frequently is seen commanding the demonic realm to do His bidding
Even in the death of His Son on the cross, God was in control of the Enemy
He again used Satan through a disciple Judas – a disciple that Jesus knowingly chose so that He would be betrayed – so that His Son would be put to death
Then God granted Satan the opportunity to use Judas and the Jewish and Roman leaders to do His bidding in murdering His Son as we’re told in Acts
Perhaps the most power example of God’s control over the demonic realm still lies in the future
In the final days in the book of Revelation, there comes a moment right before Christ returns to rule the earth, when the world has fallen under the control of a Satan‐possessed man called the Antichrist, also known as the Beast
He rules the entire world with the help of 7 world leaders who answer to his dictatorial authority and have relinquished their authority to the Antichrist, to the Beast, allowing him to do what he wishes with their armies
And in Revelation 17 we hear why they do this:
Consider those words again…God directed these kings to give their allegiance – even their very kingdoms – to the control of Satan himself, so that the words of God will be fulfilled
The kings will believe they are acting by their own initiative – they will think it’s their idea, their purpose
But God gave them that purpose – He made them share a common purpose, controlling their decisions without them realizing it
Those verses confirmed not only God’s sovereignty over the demonic realm, but it also gave us our introduction into the final issue for tonight: God’s sovereign rule in men’s lives
No doubt this is the hardest issue for us to come to grips with – the one with which we struggle the most
For example, how could God intervene in the decisions of men when our own perspective tells us constantly that we are the ones making our own decisions
I wonder how surprised those future kings will be to learn that God was the one who caused them to give over their kingdoms
Even more troubling, since men act in sin yet God is not the author of sin, how can God be credited with men’s actions?
Jonathan Edwards answered that point using an analogy of our Sun
By its very nature, the sun gives the earth light and heat, and when it drops below the horizon, it leaves the world dark and cold – but the sun is not the source of darkness and cold
If the sun were the proper cause of cold and darkness, he says, it would be the fountain of these things, as it is the fountain of light and heat:
But it is not a fountain of darkness and cold, and so it is with God
God not the fountain of sin, nor does it please Him, yet He still has sovereignty over it and can control it and may determine where it leads and what it will do, so that He may turn all things to good…
In truth, it’s rather easy to point to example after example in scripture of men being directed by God, God controlling their lives and decisions
God using Pharaoh and his sin to display His glory throughout the world as He freed Israel from bondage
God using Nebuchadnezzar and the Babylonian army to devastate Jerusalem and take the nation of Israel captive for 70 years as punishment for their ignoring the Sabbath over their land
God using the hatred of men in Jerusalem to scatter the early church and ensure the spread of the Gospel message, as we studied last week
Or God consecrating John the Baptist for a life of ministry even before he was born, by giving him the Holy Spirit even while he was in the womb and announcing that his life would be set aside for one purpose
Did any of these men have a chance to object to how God decided to use them? Did they even understand in the moment that God was in control and not them? Do any of us ever take time to realize that?
Tonight we will revisit probably the most famous example of God’s sovereignty over the events of men’s lives by looking at the story of Joseph
But due to length of that story, we will cover it a little differently than as a single passage
Instead, we are going to piece together the key details of his story from across scripture, paying close attention to how God acted through the lives of men
The story of Joseph actually begins in Chapter 15 of Genesis, when God confirms His covenant with Abram
God planned for the descendants of Abram to be enslaved for four generations in a foreign land
He gives a hint of why in these verses – because the iniquity of the Amorite was not yet complete
That God was not yet ready to judge the sin of the people living in the promised land, the Canaanites
But that doesn’t explain why the Nation of Israel must be enslaved during that time
That answer comes in Chapter 38 of Genesis
In Chapter 38 we see Judah, the man from whom the Messiah would come, disobeying God’s direction and marrying a Canaanite wife
Together they produce three sons
The sons are so depraved, that God literally puts one of them to death because he was so evil and then kills another because he refuses to produce heirs for Judah
Judah is so distraught, that he will not give His only remaining son to marriage fearing his death as well – so now the corruption by the Canaanite’s culture that God warned would happen is threatening to put an end to the Jewish line that would bring the Messiah
So that brings us to Joseph
We’re told in Genesis 37 that Joseph receives a dream from God
Joseph tells his elder brothers that in the dream he would one day rule over them and over his parents, and naturally they became jealous and angry with him
They plotted against him and they determine one day to destroy him so that his dream could never come true
Well, consider later that after Joseph becomes second in command of Egypt, his brothers eventually come seeking food during a great famine
As they come before him not knowing who he is, they bow down before him – later the rest of his family – the whole Jewish nation joins the brothers in Egypt and pay their respects to Joseph
And when that happens, the dream Joseph had has come true
So, now consider that God gave Joseph a dream that caused the brothers to get so jealous and angry. that they plot to kill Joseph
When they finally decide to take action, the Scripture says they believe their choice will ensure the dream never comes true
But of course, their actions only ensured that the dream would come true…so who was making the choices: God or the brothers?
Psalm 105 explains it this way:
God sent Joseph to Egypt, not the brothers
It was God’s plan that Joseph be enslaved and later imprisoned so that Joseph might be tested
And it was God’s way of teaching Joseph’s elders, his brothers, wisdom…and it certainly had that effect
Are we saying that God caused the brothers to sin…absolutely not
But as the brothers sought to sin, because their hearts were depraved by nature, God then directed it so that His good purposes would be met by their sin – yet they would still see consequences for their mistakes
Our story is quite over, because for many years the nation of Israel lived in Egypt, just as God foretold to Abram
God was waiting for the right time to judge the Amorites
Later, we learn that it was God’s purpose to destroy the Amorites and other peoples in Canaan by the hand of the Jewish armies
But of course in Abram’s day, there were no such armies
And even by Joseph’s day, there were still only 70 clans in the entire nation of Israel
So if God desires Jewish armies sufficient to destroy the Amorites, then it was necessary that the Jewish people continue to grow and prosper as a nation – while remaining separate and uncorrupted by the world around them
But if they remained in the land, they would have never survived long enough to become that nation, much less a powerful people
Instead, they are taken to a rich country, and set apart from the Egyptians, later enslaved, so that the nation would have no opportunity to mix with other cultures
So that on the day appointed, on exactly the day God said it would happen, Moses brings them out of Egypt, nearly 2 million of them, just as God promised Abram 430 years earlier
Now think about all the thousands of people who had to make millions of decisions in those 430 years to ensure that specific outcome would take place on that specific day
The marriages that had to take place, the children that were born
The many details of life both great and small that had to combine so that everything would happen as God directed
And we're not simply talking about God predicting the future…we’re talking about God obviously controlling the future – in minute detail
Because God can plan the end without also planning the means to that end
And that means is you and I and millions of people like us
It’s stories like these that causes us to take a second look at where we’ve drawn that line in the sand between God’s control and ours
And if you’re like me, you’ve been forced by the truth and power of God’s word to move it back and back and back until it’s come right up against you and pushing against your pride
And it’s staring you in the face and it’s asking you, who are you to dare draw any line between you and God?
That’s where we all begin…with a line between us and God
God gets only what we want to give Him in our lives
But that’s God’s role. In fact, He not only gets to draw the line, He created the stick, and the sand and He created you
But maybe you’re someone who’s drawn that line a long way away…so far that you can’t even see God