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Taught by
Stephen ArmstrongWe’ve completed our study of the temptations of Christ, which qualified Jesus to be our New Adam
Jesus demonstrated He is truly the sinless Man Who will restore what Adam forfeited
And as fascinating as this section of the Gospel may be, I resisted the temptation to spend more time in this area
Instead, we move on in Chapter 4 to the next phase of Jesus’ earthly ministry
Jesus is now ready to begin collecting disciples who will learn from Him and follow Him
But Matthew’s accounts of how Jesus gained His disciples can be a bit confusing
Jesus’ recruitment effort didn’t happen in a single moment…it happened over a period of days and weeks
And the four Gospel writers each record different moments in that process
We’re studying Matthew, of course, so that’s where we will focus our attention
But, to make sure you follow Matthew’s narrative, I’ll summarize details from the other Gospels to be sure we get the full picture
But before we get into that topic, Matthew first covers some of Jesus’ early moments in the Galilee
At the end of the temptations, Matthew had Jesus standing atop a mountain near Jericho in the wilderness of Judea
But in reality, Satan’s final temptation of Jesus was the temptation to fall from the pinnacle of the temple
You’ll remember, I said that Matthew re-ordered the temptations to place the Kingdom temptation at the end
Matthew’s point was to emphasize that Jesus is the Promised King Who came to gain a Kingdom
But Jesus would only gain it in the way the Father required, not in an illegitimate fashion
So, following that final temptation, Matthew says Jesus hears that John the Baptist has been imprisoned by Herod Antipas
Herod Antipas inherited rule over Galilee after his father, Herod the Great, died in 4 BC
Herod Antipas married the wife of his brother, Philip, committing adultery in the process
John the Baptist spoke out against Herod Antipas’ adultery and as a result, John was arrested and later beheaded
Upon learning John was arrested, Jesus withdrew to the Galilee
The Galilee is the name for the region in Israel immediately surrounding the Sea of Galilee in the north
The Sea of Galilee is a fresh water lake, not a salt sea, and it’s the main source of fresh water for all Israel
It’s shaped like a harp, so it’s also called Lake Gennesaret, from the Hebrew word for “harp”
More importantly, the Galilee was the place a person went to disappear
Jerusalem was Israel’s cultural, religious, and political center
While the Galilee was the backwater, unsophisticated, blue collar farming region of Israel
You’ll remember there was a saying In Israel that nothing good came from Nazareth
Unsurprisingly, Nazareth is located in the heart of the Galilee
So Jesus has chosen to retreat into the Galilee to put some distance between Himself and those who might oppose Him
John’s arrest was an indication to Jesus that Satan was turning up the heat on His ministry
Remember, Jesus had just frustrated the enemy’s attempts to tempt Jesus into sin
But don’t think the enemy was done trying to stop God’s plan at that point
On the contrary, Satan simply shifted his focus elsewhere, to stirring up opposition to Jesus and His message, beginning with attacking John
Satan brought evil men against the prophet to silence his message that the Messiah had arrived
At the same time, the enemy worked equally hard to stir up those same evil men to oppose Jesus’ ministry
John’s Gospel tells us the Pharisees were concerned when they heard Jesus was attracting even more followers than John
So for the next three years, Jesus will spend most of His time ministering in the region of the Galilee, out of the way of those who oppose Him
Eventually, Jesus must die, of course
So when the time is right, the Lord will harness Satan’s opposition to deliver His Son to the cross
But as we learned last week, from Psalm 91, nothing bad could happen to the Messiah until that appointed time
So for now, Jesus will stay out of harm’s way in the Galilee
So in v.12, Matthew briefly mentions Jesus’ departure for the Galilee, but as he does, he skips a significant interval of time and a series of important events
Based on the other Gospels, we know that after the temptations ended, Jesus went back to Nazareth
Immediately, Jesus began to meet His first disciples, including Peter, Andrew and Nathaniel, all from that area of the Galilee
Soon after that Jesus, his mother and these first disciples attended a wedding together in the nearby town of Cana
At this wedding, Jesus performed His first miracle of turning water into wine
After the wedding, Jesus traveled to Capernaum with his mother and brothers and disciples
After a few days, Jesus departs for Jerusalem to attend the first of four Passovers during His three year ministry (Jesus’ final Passover puts Jesus on the cross)
During this visit to the temple, Jesus chases money changers out of the temple for the first time (He does it on His fourth visit also)
He also begins to perform public miracles and teach
As a result of Jesus’ appearances in Jerusalem, Nicodemus comes to ask his questions of Jesus, recorded in John 3
Around that time, John the Baptist is arrested, so following the Passover, Jesus returns to the Galilee to escape His enemies
On the way to the Galilee, Jesus encounters the Samaritan woman at the well, in John 4
Jesus eventually returns to His home in Nazareth, where He began to preach and travel around the Galilee
That’s where we pick up in Matthew 4:13, with Jesus leaving Nazareth for Capernaum once again
But this time, Jesus is moving permanently to settle in Capernaum
Capernaum is to become Jesus’ headquarters for ministry in the Galilee
So why did Jesus make this move?
In a word, because of unbelief
We learn from Luke and John that after He returned to Nazareth, following the Passover, Jesus’ fame quickly spread
He was performing miracles and declaring the Kingdom was at hand
On one occasion, Jesus preached at a synagogue in Nazareth, declaring that He was the promised Messiah
According to Luke, the town of Nazareth rejected Jesus’ claims, largely because they thought of Him as just a local boy
They were so angered by Jesus’ claims, they tried to throw Jesus off a nearby cliff
Ironically, Satan had just tried to get Jesus to throw Himself off a high point to prove He was the Son of God
And now in Nazareth, people were trying to throw Jesus off a cliff because He was the Son of God
Meanwhile, as Nazareth was rejecting the Messiah, Capernaum was embracing Jesus
Capernaum is a small fishing village located on the northern point of the Sea of Galilee
And the Gospels report that in contrast to Nazareth, Capernaum readily embraced Jesus’ message and miracles
So Jesus moves with His family from Nazareth to Capernaum
But Jesus didn’t make the move because Capernaum was more receptive
Matthew says Jesus’ decision to settle in Capernaum was intended to fulfill Isaiah 9:1-2
Capernaum lies on the road, Via Maris, which means, the Way of the Sea
The Via Maris was an important Roman trading route running from Egypt to Babylon
Thousands of traders passed through Capernaum on this route
Which made Capernaum a strategic location from which to share the message of the Gospel
From that one place, news of what Jesus was saying and doing could easily spread to many places in the world
Isaiah said that would be God’s plan
Isaiah says that the tribal territories of Zebulun and Naphtali would be especially blessed when the Lord brought light into darkness
Nazareth lies in the region of Zebulun, while Capernaum lies in the region of Naphtali
The majority of Jesus’ ministry took place in these regions along the northern end of the Galilee
Notice also, that Isaiah says the Messiah’s light would come “by the way of the sea,” the name of that Roman road running through Capernaum
So the prophet explicitly named the location that the Messiah would perform miracles and bring light to darkness
And more than Israel, Isaiah says the Messiah will also be sent to the Galilee of the Gentiles
As Gentile traders passed through the Galilee on the Via Maris, some encountered Jesus and His teachings, leading to early converts among the nations
Clearly, the Messiah isn’t trying to hide in this place
Jesus is working in a very public fashion to announce His arrival
In v.17, Matthew summarizes the message that Jesus was delivering to Israel in those early days of His ministry
Much like John the Baptist, Jesus was saying, “repent, for the kingdom of heaven is at hand”
Mark adds that Jesus said “the time is fulfilled” and “believe in the Gospel”
So the full message Jesus preached was “Repent and believe in the Gospel, for the time is fulfilled and the kingdom of God is at hand.”
We know what Jesus meant by repent, because it’s the same message John the Baptist was preaching, which we studied back in Chapter 3
And believing in the Gospel sounds easy enough to understand too
But what exactly was the Gospel at this point?
Today, we define the Gospel as Paul taught it
The Gospel is the testimony that Jesus died on a cross for our sins, was buried and raised again after three days (1 Corinthians 15, Romans 10)
If you believe that testimony, if you trust in Jesus’ death to reconcile you to God and bring you into Heaven, then you shall be saved
If you don’t accept that message, you will pay the price for your sins, which is eternal separation from God in the Lake of Fire
But in Jesus’ day, Jesus hadn’t died yet, so what was the Gospel message Jesus preached while He was alive?
The Gospel Jesus preached is captured in the second half of Matthew’s statement in v.17
Jesus preached that the time is fulfilled, meaning that the promises of the Old Testament prophets were being fulfilled in their midst, in His life
And specifically, the time had come for the promised Kingdom of the Messiah, for the King Who would rule His people in peace
The time for God to fulfill all those promises had now arrived, and so the Kingdom of God was ready to appear, Jesus said
Jesus supported His claims by teaching from OT Scripture how He was fulfilling prophecy
And then Jesus performed supernatural miracles by the power of the Holy Spirit to validate His claims
So that by His teaching and His miracles, Jesus quickly attracted large crowds, and according to John, many believed in Jesus as Messiah
So if someone believed in Jesus’ Gospel, they were accepting Jesus as their Promised Messiah, which resulted in personal salvation
Moreover, that person was also believing in Jesus’ promise to set up the Messianic Kingdom in that day
The Old Testament prophets taught extensively that the Messiah, when He came, would rule over a physical Kingdom on earth
The Messiah would sit on His throne in Jerusalem, presiding over many nations ruling in peace and justice
That’s what Jesus meant when He said the Kingdom of God was at hand
So during the days Jesus walked the world, we could summarize the Gospel message this way
The message declared that salvation began with repenting from dead works of the Law and of disobedience to God
In place of these things, a person placed their trust in Jesus’ claims to be the promised Messiah in fulfillment of Scripture
And they submitted to His authority as their King ruling over the promised Kingdom of God
Jesus’ offering to set up that Kingdom had a condition…it would come to pass for Israel only if they first obeyed the first half of Jesus’ Gospel
They had to repent and believe in Jesus as their King before they could receive the Gospel
If the nation of Israel embraced Jesus as their Messiah in faith, then Jesus would give them the promised Kingdom
Literally, the 1,000-year Kingdom we’re still waiting for would have arrived during Jesus’ first coming, had Israel repented and believed
Obviously, that Kingdom didn’t come, because Israel didn’t receive Him
Instead of setting up a Kingdom, Jesus went to the cross
Yet at this point, Jesus’ message made no reference to Him dying on the cross for our sins
Later, when Jesus did begin to share with His disciples about His coming death, it greatly confused them
They wondered, how could Jesus be the Promised Messiah coming to rule all nations if He could be killed by Rome?
And how could the King die before His Kingdom was in place?
The answer for when and why Jesus’ message changed from Kingdom to cross must await our study of Matthew 12
So for now, Matthew moves to Jesus recruiting His disciples
This is all Matthew gives us about how Jesus selected His disciples
Later in Chapter 10, Matthew records Jesus assigning twelve of His disciples to a special role called apostle
But for now, Matthew simply says Jesus found men along the way in the Galilee
In v.18, Jesus calls two brothers from their fishing business on the Galilee, Simon and Andrew
And lo and behold, they just leave their nets and follow Jesus
Now when you read that, doesn’t it sound strange to you?
It doesn’t read like real life
Doesn’t it sound as if they were hypnotized?
Who drops everything in the middle of everyday life to begin a new life following someone around?
My wife would say that’s how I ended up with her, but for the rest of us, it doesn’t sound like real life
And nor should it, because that’s not how this happened
Once again, Matthew is leaving out some important details we find in the other Gospels
Beginning with the important point that this isn’t the first time Peter and Andrew met Jesus
In John’s Gospel, we get the account of their first meeting
Andrew was a disciple of John the Baptist, following John’s ministry by the river Jordan along with John, who wrote the Gospel of John
After John baptized Jesus, he told Andrew and John to stop following him and to start following Jesus
So Andrew and John left John the Baptist and started to follow Jesus
Soon after, Andrew introduces Jesus to his brother, Simon
Jesus immediately changed Simon’s name to Peter, which means, “Rock” (today we would say Rocky)
Later, Jesus called Philip, who lived near Andrew and Peter in the Galilee, and then later Philip introduced Jesus to Nathaniel
So one at a time, Jesus collected disciples around the Galilee
But it’s important to remember that Jesus collected these men before Jesus had performed even a single miracle
John says these encounters happened shortly after Jesus was baptized, prior to the wedding in Cana
So these men were believing in Jesus as the Messiah, the Christ, and following Him based solely on Jesus’ testimony
They were clearly operating in faith
Later, these disciples joined Jesus as guests at the wedding in Cana, probably because they had been invited too
While at the wedding, John, Andrew and Peter witness Jesus’ first miracle of turning water into wine
As they see this miracle, John reports their faith was confirmed and strengthened
After this, Jesus goes to Jerusalem for the Passover, and these same disciples join Him in Jerusalem
They followed Jesus, probably because as Jewish men, they were also required to attend the feast
So they traveled with Jesus to Jerusalem and on His return to the Galilee
They are also with Jesus when He has His encounter with the woman at the well in Samaria
During all this time, John reports they called Jesus “rabbi”, or “teacher”
But they also called Him “Christ”, or “Messiah”
So they understood Jesus was the Messiah, but for them, the Messiah was principally a rabbi or teacher
In other words, it’s unclear at first what these guys understood of the concept of Messiah, much less what it would require of them personally
They were probably operating from what they knew of Israel’s past
For example, when Moses came to Israel, the people accepted him as their leader and prophet and mediator of the Law
They revered him and respected him
Likewise, when Joshua was raised up, or when David and Solomon ruled, the people recognized these leaders as being sent by God
But in all these cases, the people of Israel still maintained their normal way of life
Just because Moses showed up, the people didn’t cease in their trades
Joshua’s conquest of Canaan didn’t change their family allegiances
David’s rise to the throne didn’t require that people leave their homes and follow David around
People didn’t abandon their way of life when God sent a prophet or king…they simply accepted and served these men as they went about their daily lives
Therefore, when these disciples met Jesus, they were certainly excited to receive Him and to know His Kingdom was at hand
They believed in Him, they listened to His teaching
They accompanied Him from time to time and they shared the news of His arrival with others
But in the meantime, they still needed to make a living
They had bills to pay and had to put food on the table
So after the disciples returned with Jesus to the Galilee after the Passover, they simply returned to their fishing nets and boats
Meanwhile, Jesus continued traveling around the Galilee teaching in synagogues and drawing large crowds
Then on this day, Jesus makes His way back to these men on the shores of the Galilee
According to Luke, Jesus teaches the crowds on the shore for a while with Jesus’ disciples listening on
And then, as we read in Matthew 4, Jesus suddenly turns to Andrew and Peter and James and John and says, follow Me
But at this point, these men have already spent considerable time with Jesus
They believed in Him as the Messiah
They have seen the miracles that confirmed Jesus’ claims
Moreover, they’ve had time to consider what Jesus has been teaching and what it means for them personally
So perhaps, they were ready for this change
Perhaps, after being with Jesus, fishing just didn’t seem as rewarding as it once did
Perhaps, they were already considering whether to ask Jesus if they could become His full-time students
So Jesus asks these men to embark on a career change to become students of a rabbi
To follow a rabbi, meant to enroll in the rabbi’s personal academy, which meant pursuing a calling to be a rabbi yourself
Students of rabbis committed themselves to follow and obey the rabbi’s teaching, after which, the students would become rabbis
That’s what Jesus is asking, and that’s what these men agree to do in an instant, leaving behind their livelihood and identity
But despite all that, doesn’t their decision to leave suddenly seem hard to believe?
Well, perhaps it would help you to know about one more detail Matthew left out
In Luke, we learn that right before Jesus issued this call, He put on a little demonstration of His fishing ability
Now do you understand why these men were willing to drop everything to follow Jesus?
They knew Jesus was the Messiah, they had seen His miracles and heard the power of His teaching
But now, they witness a firsthand demonstration of His authority to rule over all things, including the Creation
They’ve witnessed His divinity in a powerful, new way
And only then, does Jesus call them to make a new way of life, serving Him as fishers of men
Jesus is calling them to flip their way of life upside down
These men fished the sea, seeking earthly provision
They brought death to living things so they could enrich themselves
Now Jesus wants them to fish the land seeking heavenly provision
They would sacrifice themselves to bring eternal life to dead hearts
And in the face of Jesus’ display of divine power, they felt compelled to make the change
From my own personal experience in following and serving Christ, I can tell you, I can identify with this pattern and I suspect it’s the same for most people
At some point, we encounter Jesus…someone says come and see, and we meet our Messiah
We believe in His Word, even before we see evidence of His power and the depths of his wisdom
And then, as we accompany Him in our daily life, we see our faith confirmed and strengthened by what we experience and what we learn
Then, on Monday morning, we go back to our nets, so to speak, and for most of us, this is where the path becomes a circle
We repeat this pattern regularly, and for most of us, it’s enough
But for some of us, there’s a growing sensation that following Jesus in this way isn’t enough
It’s like the disciples sitting on that boat watching Jesus teaching crowds on the shore…it doesn’t feel like we’re close enough
Our daily pursuits are no longer enough for us, and more importantly, they’re no longer enough for Jesus
So we start to wonder if there’s something more to our faith than Sunday mornings (Thursday nights)
And then, at the right moment, the Lord brings us an example of His divine power, perhaps in a word, or some amazing work of grace in our life
The Lord fills our nets, as He did for Peter, and we come face-to-face with the power of God in our lives
And at that moment, the Lord gives us a decision to make
Are we going to continue chasing the bounty of the world
Or are we going to serve the One who already owns everything?
Are we going to follow the Lord who can fill our nets anytime He desires?
Are we going to leave the world to serve Christ?
That’s a call of ministry and when we hear it, our only response is turning away from whatever is holding us back to follow Jesus
But notice, when Jesus revealed His divine power to Peter, it provoked fear in the man
Peter instantly sensed his own sinfulness and unworthiness, as did his friends
Their sin weighed on their hearts
And they suddenly doubt they could even be in the presence of God, much less serve Him
So in Luke’s account, Peter tells Jesus to go away
Have you ever felt that way?
Have you ever felt unworthy of God’s call? Too sinful to be useful?
That God couldn’t possibly have time for you, much less any need for you
And so like Peter, in self-pity, you tell the Lord to go away
Let me share a secret…Peter was right…he wasn’t worthy to serve God…none of us are
There’s nothing in us that God needs, and we’re certainly not equal to the work
But that’s where grace comes in…God’s unmerited favor
The love of God is so great that He doesn’t just forgive us by calling us into a saving faith
He also overlooks our weaknesses and disqualifications to allow us to serve Him
Think about who these men were…Peter, John, Andrew, James
They were fishermen by trade
They likely had no formal education, much less religious training
They were engaged in a profession that generally attracted rougher types
They probably shared in the various vices that accompanied men of this sort
So exactly what qualified them to serve the Messiah? The King of earth and Heaven? God incarnate?
Absolutely nothing
In fact, they were likely the last men on earth someone might have assumed could be disciples of the Messiah
Yet the Lord selected these men from among all those He encountered from Jerusalem to the Galilee
Which simply demonstrates that the Lord calls unqualified men and women to serve Him, men and women who know they have nothing to offer
The disciples were just the latest example of this principle, but God always works this way
God commonly selects the one you don’t expect, the one who can’t meet the standards, the one without the qualifications
Men like Joseph, Gideon, David, Amos…people like us
Why? Because then we’re not confused about who’s really doing the work
Because we won’t try to compete with the Lord for His glory
Because in our weaknesses, the Lord is seen to be strong as Paul says
And think about how strong the Lord showed Himself through these men
Peter becomes the leader of the Church in its first days
He preaches sermons at Pentecost and before the leaders of Israel
He converted thousands in the city of Jerusalem and beyond
He bravely resisted the persecution of the Jewish leaders and he became the first to convert Gentiles
Eventually, he accepted a martyr’s death
The other men had similarly impressive records
James became the leader of the chuch in Jerusalem, ministering in the face of severe persecution and poverty, until his early death as a martyr
Early Church writings report that Andrew was the first to evangelize the Black Sea region of Georgia, Ukraine and Southern Russia and was also martyred on a cross
John was instrumental in ministering to the early Church throughout the first century
Eventually, he received the greatest revelation of the New Testament and recorded it in the book of that name
Can we imagine the Church beginning without the work of these men?
How did they accomplish these things?
They didn’t…Jesus did it through them
What mattered wasn’t their ability…it was their availability
The Lord calls unqualified people, but He doesn’t leave us untrained
The Lord spent three years with these men training them by His Word and example
And then, He gave them the Holy Spirit to guide them each day after Jesus departed
He’s given every believer the same things today
You who have been given saving faith in Jesus Christ and salvation though that faith, you also have the Word of God
You have the record of what these men learned so you can learn it too
And you have also been given the deposit of the Holy Spirit
And so, if you fear you have the same paltry qualifications these men had, have no fear
You have the same equipping they had too
Now the only question you have to answer is, if you’re going to drop your net?
Is God calling you to serve Him in some new and different way?
Perhaps, to make more time to study His Word, to spend time in the company of your fellow believers
Perhaps, to devote more time, talent and treasure to the work of the Church
Perhaps, He’s calling you to abandon your career, to turn your entire life upside down by leaving your nets in an instant
I can’t tell you what He’s calling you to do, but I can assure you of one thing
He’s asking you to do something to follow Him
As you consider this word tonight, I hope you’re humble and courageous enough to answer His question honestly