Taught by
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Taught by
Stephen ArmstrongTonight we move into the birth account of Jesus
Since we’ve just started in February, it’s like Christmas is taking an encore this year
And in a way, I think this is the perfect time of year to consider Jesus’ birth account, and here’s why
The story is somewhat fresh in our minds, having just recently celebrated the Christmas season
Yet we’re not distracted with the social aspects of the holiday, so we can actually concentrate on learning
And despite the familiarity of this story, I think you’re going to be surprised by some of the things which you’ll learn
Because so much of what we know about Jesus’ birth has been shaped by movies or Christmas carols or bedtime stories
So many of the important details have either been lost or changed from what’s reported in the Bible
So even what you think we know may not be the truth
Thankfully, the whole story is still here for us in the Gospel, so let’s revisit this account with fresh eyes
Matthew’s account of the birth begins immediately after his genealogy in Chapter 1, which we studied last week
So we pick up reading in Chapter 1:18
Matthew starts saying the birth of Jesus the Messiah happened this way
And then he proceeds to tell the story from Joseph’s point of view, as I explained last week
So imagine Matthew or perhaps one of Jesus’ half-brothers sitting across from Joseph asking him to recall Jesus’ birth
Joseph leans back and begins with his wife-to-be coming home one day pregnant
Unfortunately, this has probably happened to many men over the course of history
And every single time this has happened, it’s always meant one and only one thing
Mary’s been foolin’ around on Joseph
Like the time a man suspected his wife of fooling around…
Clearly, that wasn’t the case for Mary, as Matthew explains to us saying she was with child by the Holy Spirit
Joseph eventually came to understand this was true
But in the moment, Joseph assumed what every husband-to-be would have assumed
He thinks Mary is guilty of cheating on him
Mary and Joseph were betrothed Matthew says, which was an unique pre-marital status in ancient Jewish culture
It’s not the same thing as being engaged, as we would say today
It’s far more binding than an engagement is today, and yet it’s still a step short of full marriage
To understand the difference, we must remember that marriages in Jesus’ day were usually pre-arranged
The family of a woman of marrying age would negotiate with the family of an eligible bachelor to arrange a marriage
The family of the man had to pay the family of the woman a price for the bride
The price needed to be generous, because if the groom’s family tried to bargain down the price of the bride, it suggested that they didn’t think the girl was very desirable
It’s like shopping for a wife at goodwill or Big Lots
But eventually, when the two families came to an agreement on a price, a deal was struck for marriage
At that point the bride was betrothed to her groom even though the two may never have met
Because money was exchanged, the betrothal was a legal arrangement
Legally speaking, the couple had entered into a preliminary form of marriage at that point
Months later, a formal marriage ceremony would take place where the couple would officially become husband and wife
Only at that time could the couple consummate their marriage in the marriage tent
If you don’t know what the word consummate means, then you’re too young for me to explain it…ask your parents
But prior to that marriage ceremony, the couple must remain chaste
Both the man and woman were to remain virgins
In fact, one of the reasons for waiting a year between the betrothal and marriage, was to make sure the woman wasn’t already pregnant by another man
It was part of a system making sure people did the right thing
So that’s the situation for Mary and Joseph at this point…they are betrothed, which means they haven’t yet been formally married much less had relations
Then during this betrothal period, Mary turns up pregnant
And I love Matthew’s choice of words when he says Mary was “found to be with child” like it was a chance discovery
We know from Luke’s Gospel that Mary initially went to spend time with her cousin, Elizabeth, who was pregnant with John the Baptist at the time
She stayed with Elizabeth three months before returning home, at which point her pregnancy was probably starting to show
So she knew she was going to have to tell Joseph eventually, and now that time had come
Can you imagine the conversation around Joseph’s kitchen table?
Mary starts saying, “Joseph, I have good news and bad news…”
The good news is it’s a boy!
Mary tells Joseph she’s with child but then quickly denies being unfaithful to Joseph
She tells Joseph, “It’s not what you’re thinking. This is a result of the Holy Spirit.”
In other words, God made me pregnant
This is a significant moment in the story because Jewish theology did not acknowledge a Third Person of the Trinity
In fact, Jewish teaching didn’t recognize the Trinity at all, even though we can find clear evidence of the three Persons of God in the Old Testament
You can’t get past the second verse of the Bible without seeing the Spirit described as a distinct Person of God from the Father
Nevertheless, Jews never grasped this concept in their teaching of God
You can see an example of what I’m saying in Acts 19 when Paul confronts a group of Jewish men to know if they were truly saved
Those Jews said they had not even heard of such a thing as a Holy Spirit
And neither had Joseph, not at this point
So when Mary blames her pregnancy on the Holy Spirit, Joseph must have thought it was a ridiculous excuse
It was as if she said aliens made her pregnant
So Matthew tells us in v.19 that Joseph decides to end the relationship, though in a merciful manner for Mary’s sake
Joseph sets about to divorce Mary
In v.19 my English translation reads that Joseph planned to send Mary away
But Matthew wrote his Gospel account in the ancient Greek language
And when we look at this account in Greek, we find that Matthew used the Greek word for divorce
So Joseph planned to divorce Mary
That was the natural response to this situation
A husband had the right to receive an unblemished bride, since that’s what his family purchased
And since Mary and Joseph had not yet consummated their relationship, Joseph had no obligation to stay with her
Nevertheless, he decided to divorce her secretly, Matthew says
By secretly, we mean that Joseph wasn’t going to press charges against Mary
Mary had committed a crime under Jewish law, a crime punishable by death by stoning
Joseph, being a righteous man, could not marry a woman he believed to be immoral
But at the same time, his righteousness led him to show mercy to Mary by protecting her from stoning
So he planned to take her somewhere away from her home, somewhere where she wouldn’t be recognized, so he could issue her a writ of divorce
Now let’s consider what Mary must have been thinking as she hears that Joseph is divorcing her
From Luke’s Gospel, we know she had been visited by an angel to learn the news of her pregnancy
Plus, she knows she’s never been with a man, yet she can clearly see there is a child growing inside her
Moreover, she was told her baby would be the long-promised Messiah
That Savior that God has been promising to deliver to mankind since the Fall of Adam and Woman in the Garden
There is no more important event in all human history than this birth of the Messiah, and God has placed Mary at the center of it
So Mary is absolutely convinced that her pregnancy is a miracle ordained by God
Yet when she shares this news with Joseph, he doesn’t believe her
Do you suppose Mary wondered if God was failing her at this moment?
Did she cry out demanding why God wasn’t keeping her marriage together when she was serving Him faithfully?
Perhaps she supposed that God lacked the power to save her marriage or that God didn’t care for her?
The text is silent on Mary’s response, but I don’t believe she thought those things
I believe she remained confident in God despite Joseph’s decision
I believe she knew the Lord would protect her marriage somehow
In other words, I believe she responded in faith
With a quiet confidence that no matter how bleak and dark her situation appeared, God had a good purpose in what was happening
How do I know Mary had this confidence? Because of how she responded to the angel when she first learned of God’s plan for her
Mary hears the impossible, that she will have a baby even though she’s a virgin
When Mary asks the angel how this can be, the angel responded with that statement, “For nothing is impossible with God”
To which Mary says, “…may it be done to me according to your word”
In other words, Mary accepted in faith what she had been told by the angel knowing God’s word was certain and sure
She believed that God could do impossible things
So ask yourself this? What’s easier for God to do…to bring a child out of a virgin’s womb or save Mary’s marriage?
How foolish it would have been for Mary to stare down at her baby bump knowing she was a virgin and then complain to God that He’s ruined her marriage
What would she have expected God to say to that?
Maybe something like, “Calm down, Mary, I got this too.”
But don’t we do the same thing to God sometimes?
When our world seems to be coming apart at the seams, we turn to God in frustration or fear and accuse Him of failing us
But in those moments, ask yourself this: what’s more challenging for God? To part the Red Sea, or solve your relationship problem?
What’s harder for Him? To speak the universe into existence or cure your illness or addiction?
What demonstrates God’s love more? That He died on a cross to save you from your sins, or that He pays off your student loans?
Hasn’t God already proven His love for us sufficiently, and hasn’t He already demonstrated His power to solve any problem He chooses?
Of course He has
So the real issue is are we willing to accept His will for our life even when we don’t understand it or like it?
Can’t we trust Him to be working on our behalf?
We know God doesn’t solve every problem in our life or give us everything we want, and I’m not telling you He will, because the Bible doesn’t tell us He will
But the Bible does say that the Lord works all circumstances in the lives of believers to arrive at eternally good things for us and for His glory
And sometimes the good things God wants to accomplish in our spirit require that we first endure not-so-good things in our earthly lives
For example, if God wants to improve your prayer life, He may bring you hard trials that bring you to your knees
If He wants you to develop greater self-restraint or humility, He may expose your pride or test your patience in uncomfortable ways because that’s the best way to get the result
And if He wants you to seek Him more earnestly and to depend upon Him more desperately, He may bring you to the end of yourself because the outcome is worth it
But no matter what circumstances God chooses to bring into our lives, we can’t ever question God’s goodness or His ability
Think back to Mary again…God gave Mary the blessing to birth the Messiah, so how could she declare God wasn’t good to her?
What better thing could she have received?
And if God could supernaturally conceive a child in a virgin’s womb, she should know He had the capability to fix her marriage
In other words, God had already proven Himself to Mary to be good and powerful
So Mary had every reason to stay quietly confident in God even as Joseph declared he was divorcing her
And you too know God is good and that He can do anything
That’s the approach of faith: God has already given believers the blessing of His Son dying on a cross to pay for our sins
That is sufficient evidence to know that God is good all the time
So can we ever say God hasn’t been good to us?
And God raised His Son to prove to us that He can resurrect us too into a new eternal body one day
Knowing that, what can’t God do for us while we live in these weak dying bodies?
I’m talking about maintaining a certain perspective…a faith in God and His promises…I call it, “living with eyes for eternity”
It’s the perspective Mary had, knowing that nothing is impossible with God
And if God can do literally anything, the only question we need to ask is, what’s best?
Because that’s what God always does, whatever is best
So when He doesn’t do what we expect, it’s not because He’s unkind or unable
It’s because there was a better option for the sake of eternity
We may not understand why it’s better, not right now
But I assure you, when everything is said and done, we’ll see that God was right every time
And then sometimes, in mercy, God will give us what we ask for, but only because it was the best thing
Which is exactly what God did in Mary’s case for the sake of His Son
Matthew says in v.20 that even as Joseph was considering his divorce plan, an angel appears to him in a dream
This is the Lord showing up in a big way, ready to correct Joseph’s thinking
The angel addresses Joseph as son of David
We learned last week that’s a title that points back to the Davidic Covenant
The Davidic Covenant promised Israel that a descendant of David would occupy the throne forever
Jesus is the fulfillment of that promise, He is the eternal King Who rules over the world in the Kingdom to come
And Joseph is in the line of David leading to Jesus, so the angel draws Joseph’s attention to that bigger plan by calling him the son of David
It’s a wake up call to Joseph
Joseph’s mind was squarely focused on himself right now, considering how to divorce his wife and save his reputation
He was nursing his feelings of betrayal and hurt
He had given no thought to Mary’s explanation regarding the Holy Spirit except to dismiss it out of hand
So the angel is waking Joseph up so he might think about bigger things than just himself and his reputation
Then in v.21 the angel explains to Joseph that his wife to be was going to bear a son, conceived of the Holy Spirit, Whom they would name Jesus
His Son would be the Messiah, the One God promised to send to save His people from their sins
This Child was to be the key to saving humanity from the judgment fires of Hell
And as Joseph hears the angel in his dream, it begins to sink in that the world didn’t revolve around Joseph and his problems
The Messiah’s arrival was going to require that Joseph be willing to marry a woman who got pregnant out of wedlock
It would be a sacrifice for both Joseph and Mary, but that was God’s requirement of His bondservant
And this was no small request in that day
Given how hard it was for Joseph to accept Mary’s story of a virgin birth, how hard do you think it’s going to be to convince other people?
In a strict culture like ancient Judea, this kind of scandal didn’t just go unnoticed
Mary’s friends and family naturally concluded she was immoral
And so did Joseph’s family and friends I’m sure
That’s the price they had to pay to serve God
God required this young couple to begin their life together under a dark cloud and probably with few friends
We see them as blessed now, and of course in eternity they will undoubtedly receive great reward for their faithfulness
But in their earthly life, they followed in the footsteps of their own Child, suffering for the sake of God’s glory
So the angel tells Joseph not to fear taking Mary as a wife, she’s not been unfaithful, so press on with the marriage plans
The reason Mary’s pregnant is just as she explained…she was made pregnant by the Holy Spirit
This process is an unavoidable mystery to us
Certainly we understand that it happened, but we can’t explain how it happened, biologically speaking, because it was a miracle
God supernaturally created the male component of conception and introduced it into Mary’s womb to conceive a child without a man being involved in the process
But such an elaborate plan raises the question, why? Why go to such an effort to conceive Jesus?
Why not simply use the normal human process of conception to arrive at Jesus’ birth?
We learned one reason last week
God’s curse on King Jechoniah prevented any biological descendant of that man from ever holding the throne
Since Joseph was a descendant of Jechoniah, Jesus couldn’t be Joseph’s biological descendant if He was to rule Israel
But God could have solved that problem in other ways without requiring a supernatural conception
He could have chosen another man to be Mary’s husband, a man who didn’t descend from the cursed king
So we’re still searching for the answer for why a supernatural conception for Jesus?
The angel gives us another possible answer when he tells Joseph that Jesus’ miraculous birth is the fulfillment of prophecy from the Old Testament
In vs.22-23 the angel mentions a prophecy from the prophet Isaiah
He quotes from Isaiah 7 where hundreds of years earlier the prophet told Israel this:
Hundreds of years ahead of time, the prophet told Israel that the Lord would send His people an unique sign to indicate when their Messiah had come to them
That sign would be a virgin giving birth to a son
Obviously, the word virgin refers to a woman who has never laid with a man
And since that’s the way conception happens naturally, the prophet is telling Israel their Messiah’s birth would be supernatural
It won’t happen through conventional means, which is why it would be a sign…it would stand out in an unique way
But here again, that just begs a question…why use that particular sign? God could use any kind of sign He wanted
And in fact, God gives Israel many other signs of Messiah
God sends a star, magi, shepherds, angels and others to indicate Jesus was the Messiah
So why did the Lord also want our Savior to come by way of a supernatural conception?
The full answer comes at the end of v.23, when the angel tells Joseph that child will be called Immanuel, which means “God with us”
We know that our Lord was not named Immanuel
There is no moment in the New Testament when that name is used for the Messiah
In fact, just a couple of verses earlier, the angel told Joseph his child should be called Jesus, which is pronounced Yeshua in Hebrew
So why say He will be called Immanuel?
The angel was saying that people will say this about Jesus, that He is God with us, and that’s why Jesus required a virgin birth
To explain why, I need to take you back to the beginning, the very beginning, to the moment of the very first human sin
When the human race consisted of only two people, Adam and his wife, who he called Woman, and they were alone in the Garden of Eden
Before the first sin took place, God told Adam that should he ever disobey the word of God, Adam’s sin would result in Adam dying spiritually
To die spiritually means to have your soul consigned to a place of torment, forever barred from God’s presence
The Bible calls this kind of death the Second Death, because it will follow the first death of your physical body – if you don’t have the covering of Christ and have not been saved from your sin
This is the penalty God pronounced in advance for sin, and once the Lord issues His word concerning something, it cannot be changed and must be fulfilled
As Lord tells us
Remember the moment near the end of Jesus’ life, when he was coming into the city on a donkey, which we celebrate as Palm Sunday
All the disciples were there and there was a large crowd declaring Him to be Messiah
The Pharisees, who hated Jesus, didn’t like that public proclamation and told Jesus to silence His disciples
What did Jesus say? He said that if these do not cry out, the rocks will cry out, referring to a prophecy in the Old Testament (Zec. 9:9)
That’s the certainty of God’s word – even if it requires rocks to say something, what He says will happen, will happen
Likewise, God said to Adam, “the day you eat from it you will surely die”. Said, done, in the books. It cannot be changed
Furthermore, God’s word decreed that Adam and Woman were to reproduce and fill the earth with their offspring
But God also required that all creatures, including mankind, should reproduce after their own kind or nature
In other words, what we are is what we will reproduce, and this word applied both physically and spiritually
So once again, God’s word must be carried out without exception
Therefore, when Adam and Woman disobeyed God, they became sinful human beings
They died spiritually, just as God promised
Their spiritual nature changed, becoming slaves to that sin nature
And then later, when these two began to have children, these children shared in their sinful nature. We see this clearly in the story of Cain:
Cain didn’t need to eat of that fruit, he came out with that sin already in his nature
He wasn’t only the first human child, he was also the first murderer
Clearly, something very bad had happened to the nature of humanity
And that sin nature has been passing down from generation to generation ever since, and is the cause of all the pain and suffering and sin in humanity that you see everywhere
And along with it, the penalty of spiritual death has been handed down as well
Paul explains in Romans
So that’s the state of all humanity, both in history and today
We are all sinners by nature, a nature we inherited from our parents, who received it from their parents
You could say we’ve all been born with a spiritual birth defect
That birth defect leaves us under condemnation right from the start, due to the penalty God pronounced upon humanity in the Garden
If you have sin, you must suffer the Second Death
After your body dies, you experience an eternity separated from God
Thankfully, that’s not where the Bible story ends. The Bible also tells us that God so loved the world that He determined to make a way available for us to avoid this fate by His mercy and grace to us
He sent His Son, Jesus, to take the penalty for our sin on the cross
Jesus came to give His life as a ransom payment to free us from our debt before God
That if we believe in Him and in His death in our place, we would receive the gift of eternal life
Rather than judgment of eternal death which we deserved
That’s the Gospel. That’s the message of salvation
But if Jesus’ death was to be an acceptable substitute in our place, then it was essential that Jesus not have sin of His own
If Jesus had been born in the nature of Adam, He too would have inherited Adam’s sin nature just like the rest of us
And if Jesus were born with a sin nature, then Jesus would have been just as guilty as you and me
And therefore, His death would have merely been payment for Himself
It couldn’t have been useful as a payment to cover someone else’s sin debt
So it was necessary that Jesus be our Immanuel, God with us, not God like us
Jesus was fully human, but He was also fully God
Jesus was no less a human being than you or me, but He was greater than we are in that one sense
Although we had an earthly father that made us like him, Jesus was like Adam – he had no earthly father
Just as Adam’s body came to life because God breathed into him
The Hebrew word for breathe is ruah, the same word for spirit
So just as the Father conceived Jesus by the Holy Spirit, it was by the Spirit that God gave Adam life
God conceived Jesus supernaturally, therefore Jesus didn’t descend from Adam
Instead, Jesus restarted the human race as a new Adam
That’s why the Bible calls Jesus the “Second Adam”
And that’s why our Savior had to come through a virgin birth
So that He could be a human being yet remain free from the original sin nature we all inherited
Having been born without sin, Jesus then went on to live life without ever repeating Adam’s mistake
Jesus never disobeyed the Father, so Jesus was without sin
He experienced the temptation to sin, but unlike Adam, he never gave in to that temptation Scripture tells us
So that when Jesus went to His death on the cross, He suffered a death He didn’t deserve, for He had not committed any sin
And therefore His death could become a payment for you and me, to cover our debt before God
Jesus could serve as the perfect sinless sacrifice for you and me
As Joseph awoke from his dream, he accepted the angel’s revelation and acted in faith
In v.24 Matthew says Joseph took Mary as his wife
Joseph set a date for the wedding and entered into the covenant prior to Jesus’ birth
In so doing, Joseph ensured that Jesus would legally be his descendant just as God intended
Yet Joseph also respected the place Mary had in the plan of God and the need for her to remain a virgin during this time
So in v.25 we’re told that he refrained from consummating the marriage until after Jesus’ birth
He acted in faith believing the angel’s report and did what was required
May I ask you, have you believed this report too? Do you believe the word of God concerning Jesus?
Do you believe He is the Savior sent to save you from your sins?
Do you believe that He was conceived by a virgin to ensure He remained sinless for your sake?
Do you believe He died on that cross 2,000 years ago to pay the price your sin requires?
It’s a crazy story, really: Your secret to Heaven is a convicted criminal who was killed 2,000 years ago on a Roman cross. That’s it. That’s the secret
The world says it’s by how hard you work, how good you are, how much penance you do.
It’s how much pain you suffer, how much sacrifice you make
But Scripture says you can’t do enough, and you can’t sacrifice enough because there’s only one Sacrifice God will accept
Do you have the faith to act in keeping with what you’ve heard?
For Joseph, the action God required to live out his faith was to take Mary as a wife despite her pregnancy, which he did
But for you and me, the Lord has asked something much easier
He asks that we confess with our mouth that Jesus is our Savior, God sent to die for our sins, and believe in our hearts that God raised Him from the dead
If we do these things, we will be saved
Isn’t it amazing how easy it is in human terms, yet how hard it had to be for God to make it possible? And yet, still some won’t do it
You’ve read the words yourself and the Spirit of God is testifying to the truth of these things in your heart
So I call upon you, if you have not yet placed your faith in Jesus Christ to confess Him now, to make that confession now, and not leave without obeying the call of the Gospel. For today is a day appointed for salvation